Washington Hall West Point Painting Mural 30 X 24 Wall Art

United States historic place

U.S. Military Academy
U.S. National Annals of Historic Places
U.S. National Celebrated Landmark District
Buck Chapel
Location	NY 218, West Point, New York
Coordinates	41°23′34″North 73°57′xxx″West  /  41.3927°North 73.9584°W  / 41.3927; -73.9584 Coordinates: 41°23′34″Due north 73°57′30″W  /  41.3927°N 73.9584°West  / 41.3927; -73.9584
Area	2,500 acres (1,000 ha)
Built	1775
Architect	Multiple
Architectural manner	Classical Revival, Tudor Revival, Federal
NRHP referenceNo.	66000562[one]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	15 October 1966
Designated NHLD	15 October 1966

The United States Military Academy (West Point) and grounds were alleged a National Celebrated Landmark in 1960^[ii] due to the Revolutionary State of war history and the historic period and historic significance of the Academy itself. The bulk of the buildings in the central cadet area are celebrated.

Geography [edit]

Cardinal post occupies the relatively level terrain of the Patently

West Point is located approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of New York City on the western depository financial institution of the Hudson River. The Academy's geographic location and geologic formations have directly shaped its history. There wouldn't even be a military garrison at West Point were it not for the narrow "s-curve" in the river, literally creating a "west signal" in the river that was so prominent and important for decision-making aircraft traffic on the Hudson during colonial times. In addition to the narrow double-90-caste turns, the currents and winds were erratic and unpredictable, making even an unopposed navigation hard. In addition to the strategic shape of the Hudson River, the Highlands ascension up sharply from river level to 1,400 feet (430 m) at some places in the firsthand area. The combination of the narrow river turns and the commanding high basis made this place the perfect location for the Continental Ground forces to build its stronghold confronting British troop movement into upstate New York during the American Revolution. The Continental Regular army get-go occupied the relatively level plain and synthetic Fort Clinton and supporting redoubts and batteries of artillery on prominent hills in the area and across the river on Constitution Island. Guests of cadets who visit Flirtation Walk tin can experience glimpses of the Revolutionary War era terrain as the shoreline along the river below the plainly has not inverse much in over 200 years. It wasn't until later the war that congress really purchased the land upon where Fort Clinton stood. In 1790, Congress purchased an initial tract of 1,700 acres (half-dozen.9 km^two) from a Stephen Moore of North Carolina.^[3]

At but over 1,400 feet, Crow's Nest is the highest point on the reservation

For the offset hundred years of the Academy, ship-board traffic, then after track-traffic, were the only ways to access West Point from New York City. In the years immediately following the Revolutionary State of war, the Hudson Highlands surrounding West Point were sparsely populated and frequently harbored "gangs of thieves".^[4] An 1819 alphabetic character from superintendent Sylvanus Thayer complained to the Secretarial assistant State of war John C. Calhoun of the lawlessness of the local inhabitants in the highlands surrounding West Betoken.^[v] As transportation technology improved and coal became the dominant source of energy consumption, the wildness of the highlands subsided and the colina people whose lives were linked to subsistence upon the forest began to disappear. By the plow of the century, the Academy had begun to aggrandize beyond the immediate reaches of the Obviously and grew both due south along the river and westward into the highlands.^[6]

History [edit]

The entire central post was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960, but none of the occupied structures on post engagement to the Revolutionary War period. The oldest surviving buildings are the residences of the Superintendent and the Commandant. Local legend states that one of the foundation walls of the Warner House on Constitution Isle dates to the revolutionary war menstruum, but that has never been verified through documentation. Through much of the get-go 150 years, progress superseded historical preservation as the norm at the academy and many of the most historically significant and m structures of the "old academy" were demolished to make way for newer and more functionally modern structures.

Revolutionary state of war structures & sites [edit]

The garrison at Due west Point originally centered on Fort Clinton, the Great Chain, and the defenses built upon Constitution Island. Many of the revolutionary state of war fortifications nevertheless dot the more remote landscape of the academy grounds. Some accept been nearly fully restored, such every bit Fort Putnam, while some have been partially restored, such as Redoubt 4, and some are nigh completely reduced to piffling more than historical markers, such as Fort Clinton. Numerous redoubts were constructed in support of Fort Clinton. Those who survive to present day were fortunate to exist in hard-to-reach places that did not impede in the expansion of the academy. Redoubts that are long since lost to time and progress included several in the vicinity of the Warner Firm on Constitution island, and two minor outposts virtually the nowadays day Lusk Reservoir housing surface area. In the academy's first one hundred years or and so, there was little thought given to preserving these historical fortifications as the remains of Ft. Clinton fell into disrepair and were eventually demolished and some of the smaller redoubts were scavenged for their stone or razed to make room for other structures. One of the more notable remaining Revolutionary War sites is Kosciuszko's Garden, which sits on the due east-facing cliff side about twoscore anxiety (12 grand) beneath present day Cullum Hall.^[7] Immediately subsequently the war's determination, Revolutionary State of war-era barracks and quarters served the academic mission of the fledgling academy. Records of these structures have been lost to time and a fire in 1838.

Historical academy structures of significance that no longer exist [edit]

In 1808, six years subsequently the formal founding of the academy, Congress authorized the expansion of the Corps of Cadets from only a handful to nearly 300. Along with this increase in personnel came the funding to business firm them. The kickoff formal set of barracks were constructed in 1815 and 1817 and were known as North and South Barracks. These structures housed the Corps of Cadets until they were replaced and demolished in the early 1850s. The main academic building, known merely every bit "the Academy", was also constructed in 1815. These iii buildings are depicted in the 1828 painting by George Catlin to the left. On 19 Feb 1838, a fire destroyed the original academic building and most of the university's records.^[vii] The replacement of the original "university", was synthetic on the site of present-day Pershing Billet in 1839 and remained in use until 1891. This academic building was 3 levels tall and multipurpose, with a large open floor programme on the ground floor that doubled as a riding hall during the wintertime months.^[viii] In 1829, the West Signal Hotel was built on the eastern border of Trophy Bespeak. The hotel would stand overlooking the Hudson River for a century until it was demolished in the early 1930s, several years later the construction of the Thayer Hotel. In 1841, superintendent Richard Delafield oversaw the construction of the old cadet library and observatory, which stood at the intersection of Cullum Road and Jefferson Place near present-day Cullum Hall and the second cadet library. That library stood on the southern border of the Evidently for 119 years before it was demolished in 1960. That library was built in the fashion known as Tudor Gothic and helped set the tone of futurity buildings on the edge of the plain. The offices of the Superintendent, Adjutant, Quartermaster, & Treasurer were in the library until the new Headquarters was congenital in 1870.^[9] The old library's observatory had to be moved up the colina nearly Lusk Reservoir when a railroad train tunnel was synthetic under the Manifestly in 1880. The observatory stood at the top of the hill to a higher place the cadet chapel until it was closed and demolished in the 1950s. In 1851, Delafield oversaw a major overhaul in the barracks conditions with the construction of more modern barracks, built in the "partitioning" style that is however prevalent in the older remaining barracks on post. These barracks, known as "Old Cardinal Barracks" remained in use for over 100 years before beingness demolished in the 1960s. Today, only the 1st Division remains, standing as a monument in the cadet central expanse, preserved every bit "Nininger Hall", which houses the Cadet Accolade Commission.^[10]

The Richard Morris Hunt-designed gymnasium which occupied the site of present-solar day Washington Hall

The "Sometime Cadet Mess Hall" was built on the site of the electric current Grant Hall in 1852 and served as the dining hall for the Corps of Cadets until information technology was replaced by Washington Hall and demolished in 1930 to make way for the current Grant Hall.^[11] In 1852, Delafield oversaw the construction of the Commandant's headquarter's building and cadet bastille on the site of present-day Bradley Barracks. This building helped encircle the cadet "cardinal area", which is like to the courtyard known in present-day as "Central Surface area". The Commandant'southward office was demolished in 1920.^[12] The Commandant's offices are on the 4th floor of Washington Hall overlooking the Plain. On the site of nowadays-24-hour interval Thayer Hall, on the lower rises of the cliffs along the Hudson, the Old Riding Hall was constructed get-go in 1855. The structure was known as the largest equestrian riding hall in the Usa during its day.^[xiii] This hall stood on the cliff below the Plain until being demolished for a new riding hall in 1908.^[14] In 1870, the new academy headquarters building was synthetic on the site of present-24-hour interval Taylor Hall. Meant to house the Superintendent and other academy leadership and staff, this edifice was too small and inadequate shortly later on construction and it was demolished shortly after 1900 to make way for the construction of Taylor Hall.^[15] A buck hospital was constructed in 1884 on the site of present-day Lee Barracks. In 1923, a new wing of the infirmary was built, which at present houses the Role of Admissions. The master infirmary building was demolished in 1960 to make way for Lee Barracks.^[16] In the late 1880s Richard Morris Hunt was contracted to blueprint several buildings. The first was a gymnasium, begun in 1891 in a Romanesque Revival design with two large towers flanking a grand arched archway. The gymnasium was opened in 1893 and used until the early on 1920s, when it was demolished to make way for the new mess hall, Washington Hall.^[17]

Structures from the 19th century still in use in the academic area [edit]

Superintendent's Quarters (1820), one of the oldest remaining building on post

The Superintendent's quarters (1820) and the Commandant's quarters (1821) were constructed on the terminate of Jefferson Place near the intersection with Washington Road. During the 1800s, Jefferson Route extended further s through what is now N Area and a row of officers' quarters in one case lined the west side of the road s of the Superintendent's quarters, simply those structures were all demolished to make room for the onetime Due north Barracks. The next oldest structures on post are the three sets of large duplex officers' quarters just off the northwest border of the plain. These quarters (c1828), have been expanded over the years and have come to be known equally Professor'southward Row, equally they traditionally house the heads of the academic departments. The Dean's quarters were synthetic in 1856 between the commandant'southward quarters and professor'southward row.^[xiii] A circuitous of structures known equally the "Ordnance Compound" was completed between 1837 and 1840. It consisted of three stone buildings with 2 towers encircled by a wall. The building that stands in the middle of the compound, now the Commencement Class Cadet's social club, was added in 1880.^[18] The second academic edifice was demolished in 1891 and replaced on the aforementioned location by what was and then known as the Westward Academic Building. This Richard Morris Chase designed structure took iv years to complete and served as the master academic hall until 1950, when information technology was converted into a barracks and renamed Pershing Barracks. The big house on the cease of Professor's Row, known today as the "Beat Navy Business firm" due to the "Beat Navy Sign" that hangs on its front porch, was built in 1875 and has been used equally multiple officer'south quarters since its structure.^[15] In 1894, McKim, Mead, and White designed and began construction on the new memorial hall, later named Cullum Hall afterward General George W. Cullum, who started the Cullum Register of Graduates and donated the funds for the construction. Completed in 1898, Cullum Hall broke several architectural traditions. First its classical pattern and white marble construction clashed with the grayness granite Gothic design of the other buildings on the plain. Second, it obstructed the eastern view of the Hudson River.^[19] Started in 1900 and completed in 1903, the Due west Point Officer's Order also was of neo-classical design. However, budget cuts and the high price of white marble resulted in the pick of an off-color white brick, a blueprint that failed to inspire the imagination of the public at big and the university leadership. These 2 structures are the only neo-classical designs left in the cadet area now that the quondam cadet chapel is moved to the cemetery.^[20]

1903 design competition [edit]

The bookish area before the 1903 blueprint completion construction.

Subsequently the plow of the century, as W Indicate approached its centennial, it became apparent that the campus was in demand of a facilities overhaul and was lacking a clear pattern programme and architectural fashion. A major competition was held to pattern a major renovation of the campus, to include building a new cadet billet (Due north Barracks, since demolished), chapel (the Cadet Chapel), academic building (Bartlett Hall), post headquarters (Taylor Hall), bachelor's officer quarters (Lincoln Hall), riding hall (Thayer Hall), and hotel (afterwards the Thayer Hotel). In addition to all the construction, the winning bid had to price less than $five,000,000.^[21] Subsequently a lengthy contest, the firm of Cram, Goodhue, & Furgeson (CGF) was selected to overhaul the academy's facilities. Near all of their works nonetheless stand, and their designs take influenced all other works in the cadet surface area since.^[22]

The showtime buildings completed by CGF was the heating plant and riding hall, completed along the cliffs of the Hudson in 1909. The massive riding hall rises from the cliffs along the river to the level of the Plain. This construction served every bit the abode of equestrian instruction until riding was removed from the curriculum during World War II. In 1958, the hall'due south interior was completely renovated and converted into an academic hall, renamed Thayer Hall in honor of Sylvanus Thayer. Now containing four interior floors and a large auditorium, it is considered the main academic hall on campus. In 1910, CGF completed structure of the new Headquarters building, later named Taylor Hall in honor of Maxwell Taylor. Hayes Gymnasium was likewise constructed past CGF and completed in 1910, replacing the Richard Morris Hunt-designed gymnasium that would be demolished to make mode for the new mess hall in 1920. The "crown jewel" of CGF's project was unquestionably the new Westward Bespeak Buck Chapel, set high on the hillside higher up the buck surface area, and completed in 1910. Upon completion of the Cadet Chapel, the One-time Cadet Chapel was deconstructed and moved to the cemetery in 1911. The granite used for the structure of the Cadet Chapel was quarried from the hillside behind Hayes gymnasium, practically at the construction site.^[23] In 1913, CGF completed Bartlett Hall as one of the main academic buildings. The clay and debris from the construction of Bartlett Hall was used to fill in "execution hollow", a large depression located on the Plainly near Trophy Indicate. Two of CGF's buildings that take non stood the test of time were the Due north Barracks, which were subsequently demolished to make way for the electric current MacArthur Barracks, and the buck guardhouse, located in North Area and later demolished to brand way for Scott Barracks.

Gradual expansion, 1920–1960 [edit]

Later the 1903 design competition, pace of new construction at the university slowed, but there were continual updates. Started in 1925 and completed by 1929, Washington Hall, named in honour of George Washington, became the new cadet mess hall. Designed by Arnold Brunner, Washington Hall can rightfully exist considered the "center" of the cadet academic surface area. Due to large increment in the size of the Corps of Cadets, more barracks infinite was needed in the early on 1930s. In 1931, Grant Hall (likewise chosen Grant Barracks) was completed on the site of the erstwhile cadet mess hall. In 1937, Paul P. Cret completed construction on Scott Barracks in N Area. Cret as well oversaw an expansion of Bartlett Hall in 1938.

Major expansion, 1960–present [edit]

Mahan in 2003. The large American Elms tin can be seen on the right.

The 100% increase in the size of the Corps of Cadets in the early 1960s led to rapid expansion of facilities at the expense of preserving the celebrated structures on post. The central barracks, which had stood since 1851, were torn down, save i segment preserved equally Nininger Hall, in social club to make manner for the construction of Bradley and Eisenhower Barracks between 1965 and 1972. Washington Hall was doubled in size and physically connected to Eisenhower and MacArthur Barracks, which had replaced the onetime North barracks. In 1969 another wing, "Mac Short", was added to MacArthur barracks. New barracks were also constructed in southward expanse, with Lee Billet and Sherman Barracks being synthetic in the mid 1960s.

The terminal major construction of the twentieth century in the academic surface area was the construction of Mahan Hall, named after Dennis Hart Mahan. Mahan Hall is home to the academy'due south Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering and Section of Systems Technology. Information technology contains nine levels, over 75 classrooms and laboratories, and holds a 600-pes (180 m) lecture hall, Arnold Auditorium, in its due south fly. The west entrance to Mahan Hall used to be graced past two enormous English language Elm copse that were 180 years former when they succumbed to Dutch Elm Affliction in 2004 and had to exist removed.^[24] The almost recent major construction in the academic expanse was the construction of the Jefferson Hall Library, which opened in 2008 on the due south edge of the plain.

To assistance with overcrowding in the buck area, the first major barracks construction of the 21st century began in 2015 with the construction of the new Davis Barracks at USMA past the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New York District. The state of the fine art barracks facility is for housing 650 cadets, iii in each room. This structure of the Davis Barracks precedes planned renovations of other barracks at USMA to provide improve quality living space for all cadets.

Current academic halls [edit]

• Arvin Buck Physical Development Center (CPDC): Named later quondam Showtime Captain Carl Robert Arvin, who died in Vietnam, the gymnasium complex houses the Section of Physical Education (DPE). The original core of Arvin CPDC is Hayes Gymnasium, originally constructed in 1910. The old Arvin gym entrance was built onto information technology in 1934. In 1999, renovation construction tore down over one-half of the gym. The 1910 and 1934 sections were preserved with the new CPDC opening in 2004. The new CPDC at present houses a Center for Physical Development Excellence (CPDC), offices and classrooms for DPE, new basketball, racquetball, stone climbing, survival swimming, boxing & combatives, and concrete therapy facilities.
• Bartlett Hall: Abode to the Departments of Chemistry and Physics, it was originally constructed in 1913 and expanded in 1937.
• Hayes Gymnasium – see Arvin Buck Concrete Development Eye (above)
• Jefferson Hall: Named after former president Thomas Jefferson, whose statue stands in the rotunda. The new library learning middle, which opened in 2008, is home to the Middle for Teaching Excellence (CTE) and the Alexander Haig Room.
• Lincoln Hall: Formerly the Bachelor Officeholder'southward Quarters, it was renovated in 1987 and now houses the Departments of English and Social Sciences.
• Onetime Cadet Library: Completed in 1964 and fastened to Bartlett Hall, information technology served the Corps for over xl years until the opening of Jefferson Hall in 2008.
• Mahan Hall: Completed in 1974, information technology is named after USMA alumnus Dennis Hart Mahan. Mahan Hall is home to the university'due south Department of Civil & Mechanical Applied science and Department of Systems Engineering.
• Thayer Hall: Built in 1911 as a riding hall where the cadets were taught horsemanship, in 1958 it was converted into an academic hall containing over 100 classrooms. The cadet bookstore is housed on the fourth floor and there is a big lecture hall, Robinson Auditorium in the south finish of the edifice. The kickoff ii floors of Thayer Hall are home to the Departments of History, Mathematics, Behavioral Sciences and Leadership (BS&L), and Electrical Technology and Computer Science (EECS).
• Washington Hall: Named for President George Washington, it is the habitation of the Cadet Mess Hall. The upper floors of Washington Hall are dwelling to the Department of Military Pedagogy (DMI), the Department of Foreign Languages (DFL), the Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering (G&ENE), and the Part of the Commandant. Washington Hall was first synthetic in 1929. Information technology was doubled in size in 1964 when the Corps expanded to iv,400 cadets.

Chapels [edit]

The military chapel has played a major role in the history of the university. In fact, attendance at weekly chapel services was mandatory until the early on 1970s. The commencement chapel, now known as the "Old Cadet Chapel" was starting time constructed in 1836. Information technology stood on the site at present occupied by Bartlett Hall for 74 years until, later on completion of the Cadet Chapel, information technology was deconstructed in 1910 and reconstructed at its current location in the cemetery.

Building	Paradigm	Synthetic	Description	Reference
Protestant Chapel		1910	Synthetic in 1910 to replace the original Cadet Chapel built in 1836, the principal Cadet Chapel conducts Protestant services and dominates the backdrop of the Plain.	[25]
Catholic Chapel		1899	On the corner of Stoney Lonesome and Washington roads, the picturesque chapel was synthetic in 1900, and expanded and re-defended in 1933.	[26]
Jewish Chapel		1984	Congenital in 1984 on Merritt Route, this chapel was the culmination of 20 years of endeavor of the private West Point Jewish Chapel Fund.	[27]
Old Cadet Chapel		1836	Originally completed in the cadet central expanse in 1836, graduates paid for the deconstruction and motility of the building in 1911 to the West Point cemetery upon completion of the current Buck Chapel. The edifice remains in utilise and is frequently the site of funerals and memorial services. The inner walls of the building are adorned with plaques which bear the name of each general in the American Revolution. The only illegible plaque is that of Benedict Arnold, the vowels and consonants of his proper noun scratched away by generations of unforgiving cadets.	[28]

Barracks [edit]

• Scott Barracks: Named after General Winfield Scott and built in 1938, information technology is habitation to cadets from Second and Third Battalions of the Fourth Regiment. It closed in Fall 2013 for extensive renovations and reopened for the 2014-15 academic twelvemonth, maintaining its singled-out "segmentation" fashion layout.
• Lee Barracks: Home to no cadets since Visitor F of the tertiary regiment moved into Sherman at the finish of 2021. It was built in 1962, and is named after Colonel Robert Due east. Lee. It besides houses the cadet barber shop in its basement.
• Sherman Barracks: Congenital in 1962, it is home to cadets from Third Battalion, Commencement Regiment, information technology is named subsequently General William Tecumseh Sherman.
• Grant Barracks: Formerly called "Old S Barracks", this building is named after General Ulysses Due south. Grant. The east side of these barracks is connected to Grant Hall, the old Buck Mess Hall congenital in 1852 and used to feed the Corps of Cadets until 1923.^[29] The barracks portion, built in 1931, is the oldest buck barracks even so in use, and is abode to cadets from 3rd Battalion of the Second Regiment.^[30]
• Bradley Billet: Congenital in 1968, Bradley barracks is split into ii sections, appropriately nicknamed "Brad Long" and "Brad Short" due to its "L" shape. The barracks is currently closed for renovations. It is named after General of the Army Omar Bradley.
• Eisenhower Barracks: Likewise built in 1968, houses cadets from First and Second Battalions of the Second Regiment. The barracks is named after General of the Army and former president Dwight D. Eisenhower.
• Pershing Billet: Formerly the West Academic Edifice built in 1895, information technology was renovated in 1959 and renamed Pershing Barracks. The building is named later on General of the Armies John J. Pershing and houses Tertiary Battalion of the Tertiary Regiment. Many cadets have nicknamed the billet "Ritz Carlton" due to the newly renovated billet' polished marble floors, grand entries, and opulent stairwells.
• MacArthur Billet: Opened in 1972, it is also split into two sections nicknamed "Mac Long" and "Mac Short." It houses the Cadet Brigade Staff, 3rd Regiment Staff, and companies from both Third and Fourth Regiments. It is named subsequently Full general of the Ground forces Douglas MacArthur.
• Davis Billet: Opened in 2017, the new facility houses cadets from the Offset Regiment. The barracks is named in honor of Full general Benjamin O. Davis Jr.

Historical quarters [edit]

Edifice	Image	Constructed	Description	Reference
Quarters #100, (Superintendent)		1820	Built during the tenure of Sylvanus Thayer, the "Supe'south" quarters is the second oldest residence on postal service, with simply the Commandant'southward quarters being older. A mixture of Georgian and Federal architecture, it is both a private residence and a public landmark. Tours are bachelor during certain times of the year.	[31]
Quarters #101, (Commandant)		1819	The oldest quarters on postal service, congenital 2 years before the Superintendent'south quarters, this three story Georgian colonial is home to the Commandant of Cadets.
Dean'due south Quarters		1852	The quarters of West Point'southward Dean, this building sits on the corner of Washington Route and Jefferson Place, and has elements of Gothic, Victorian, & Tudor compages. Information technology is somewhat unusual in its "wait," being 1 of merely two quarters on mail remaining in this mode.

Other celebrated buildings [edit]

• Taylor Hall: Originally called the "Administration Building", it was congenital by the house Cram, Goodhue, and Furgeson in 1910. At present named after Maxwell Taylor, it is home to the Function of the Superintendent and the Office of the Dean.^[32] This grade example of "collegiate gothic" architecture sits overlooking the Hudson River to the due east. With its 180-foot (55 1000) belfry, it is the tallest all-stone masonry building in the globe.^[33]
• Cullum Hall: A big social hall containing a dance floor and several receiving rooms for formal occasions. Also known as "Cullum Memorial Hall," this building contains plaques that include the names of all West Signal graduates killed in action from 1812 to the nowadays. These plaques are located in the newly designed Memorial Room, dedicated on 10 November 2014.^[34] The lower levels incorporate the academy'southward photo studio, along with diverse order squad practice and equipment storage areas. University tradition states that Plebes must know that there are "340 Lights in Cullum Hall". Cullum Hall sits directly across the road from Doubleday Field, where the New York Yankees occasionally played exhibition games in the 1920s;^{[35] [36]} cadet fable states that Baby Ruth once hit a dwelling house run off the roof of Cullum Hall, a distance of over 500 feet (150 m). This legend is unlikely given that Ruth was left-handed and Cullum Hall sits beyond the left field debate, which would take made Ruth's habitation run to the opposite field of his power side.
• Due west Point Club: Originally congenital in 1902 as the Officer's Club and subsequently expanded in 1963 due to a generous souvenir by the wife of Gen. Palmer Eddy Pierce, class of 1891. The club has named the large 2nd floor dining room the Pierce Room in their honor.
• Nininger Hall: The terminal remaining construction from the old Central Barracks, the "1st Division" was traditionally habitation to the highest ranking cadet. Originally congenital in 1882, it now houses the Simon Center for the Professional Military Ethic (SCPME) and is named afterwards LT Alexander R. Nininger, Jr., the first Medal of Honour recipient of WWII.
• Superintendent'due south Quarters: The oldest remaining building on postal service, it was built in 1820, during the tenure of COL Sylvanus Thayer.

Athletic facilities [edit]

West Bespeak is home to many historic as well every bit modern able-bodied facilities:

• Christl Loonshit (part of the Holleder Center)
• Gillis Field Business firm: Congenital prior to WWII and named after William G. Gillis, this facility houses the track and field plan and the women's volleyball practice facilities.
• Holleder Center (Major Donald W. Holleder Center athletic complex): Next door to Michie Stadium, and congenital in 1985, it houses the basketball and hockey facilities. It is named after Donald W. Holleder, course of '56, who died in action in Vietnam.
• Johnson Stadium at Doubleday Field
• Michie Stadium: Originally built in 1924 and named subsequently Dennis Michie, captain and coach of the commencement Ground forces football squad, it has been expanded many times over the years. The most recent addition saw the building of an expansive new training facility and offices for the football program.
• Shea Stadium: Named afterward Medal of Honor recipient Richard Shea in 1958, this renovated outdoor track facility is home to the track and field programme and the sprint football team.
• Tate Rink (part of the Holleder Center)
• Anderson Rugby Circuitous: Completed in May 2007 and situated on the bank of the Hudson, Anderson Rugby Complex is home to the Army men's and women's Rugby teams.
• Clinton Field: Named after Revolutionary War hero General James Clinton, it is abode to the men'southward and women's soccer teams.
• Softball Complex: Home to Ground forces Softball. The field dimensions are 200 anxiety down the lines and 210 feet to middle field. Construction was completed in 2002.
• Crandall Pool: Domicile to Army Swim & Dive. It is 50 meters in length and tin either be set with half dozen lanes in the 50-meter configuration or divided into two 25-one thousand pools, 1 with eight lanes and another with six lanes. Crandall Pool also features iii 1-meter diving boards, one 1-meter diving platform, two 3-meter diving boards, and a diving tower with a 7.5-meter platform and a 10-meter platform. The pool and diving platforms are also used by the Department of Physical Pedagogy for survival swimming classes (all cadets are required to take 1 of these classes).
• Foley Enners Nathe (FEN) Lacrosse Eye: Completed and occupied in January 2017, this facility is named for classmates William Foley '67, Lt. Ray Enners '67, and Michael Nathe '67.^[37] The xv,000-square-pes-facility is nestled in the northeast corner of historic Michie Stadium, and is home to the Army West Point men's and women's lacrosse teams.^[38]

Cemetery [edit]

The cemetery is situated almost 3/four of a mile north of the master academic surface area. Formally designated a military cemetery in 1816, it was previously known locally as "High german Flats". The cemetery is the final resting place of many notable military machine officers and is at present the location of the Former Cadet Chapel.

Monuments [edit]

Westward Point is dwelling house to numerous monuments of famous graduates and other military heroes and patriots. Some of the monuments include:

• Eisenhower Monument. This 9-pes (2.7 one thousand) statue of quondam Full general of the Army and the 34th President of the United states was defended in 1983.^[39] Designed past Robert 50. Dean, class of 1953, it sits atop a pedestal of red granite and looks out over the Plainly to the North.
• Kosciuszko's Monument. Defended in 1828 and designed past John Latrobe, the monument was originally only the base and the cavalcade. The statue was added in 1913.^[forty]
• MacArthur Monument. This monument commemorates the Medal of Honor-winning former Superintendent and General of the Regular army Douglas MacArthur. Situated on the upper western corner of the Obviously next to the due north entrance to MacArthur Barracks, the monument consists of a statue of the general surrounded by angled granite walls that deport inscription excerpts from his 1962 Thayer Award address to the Corps of Cadets.
• Sedgwick Monument. Erected by one-time members of his command, this monument commemorates former Marriage General John Sedgwick and was dedicated 21 Oct 1868.^[41] The spurs of the statue freely rotate and legend states that if a buck is in danger of failing a form, they should go to the monument in full clothes compatible at midnight earlier the last exam. If they spin the spurs at midnight, they will pass the course.^[42]
• Thayer Monument. Commemorating the "Father of the Military machine Academy", this monument has been located in several locations during the academy's history. It at present sits at the northwest corner of the Plain next to the Beat Navy Tunnel. The monument is oriented to the s, overlooking the Manifestly and the fundamental cadet area. Thayer's statue is the sight of numerous memorials throughout the year as classes return for their reunions. Tradition is for the oldest living graduate of those returning classes to lay a wreath at the human foot of the memorial earlier the alumni review for that weekend.
• Washington Monument. Dedicated in 1916, this big statue of George Washington was moved to its electric current location in front of Washington Hall in 1971 when the buck mess hall expansion was completed.^[43]

References [edit]

1. ^ "National Annals Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 9 July 2010.
2. ^ Richard Greenwood (10 November 1975). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: United states of america Armed forces Academy" (pdf). National Park Service. and Accompanying photos, various dates(ane.xix MB)
3. ^ Lange, p.iii
4. ^ Forman pp. two–3
5. ^ Lange, pp 1–2
6. ^ Lange, p. 2
7. ^ ^{a b} Lange, p. viii
8. ^ Lange, p.12
9. ^ Lange, p. xiv
10. ^ Lange, p. xv
11. ^ Lange, p 16
12. ^ Lange, p.16
13. ^ ^{a b} Lange, p.17
14. ^ Miller, p.54
15. ^ ^{a b} Lange, p.xix
16. ^ Lange, p.twenty
17. ^ Lange, p. 22
18. ^ Lange, p. 13
19. ^ Lange, p. 24
20. ^ Lange, p. 25
21. ^ Lange, p26
22. ^ Lange, p. 29
23. ^ Lange, p.30
24. ^ Historic elms had to be removed USMA Dept of Public Works press release, originally published article in Pointer View, 25 June 2004 retrieved 12-17-08]
25. ^ "Cadet Chapel". USMA.edu. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
26. ^ "Catholic Chapel". USMA.edu. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
27. ^ "Jewish Chapel". USMA.edu. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
28. ^ "Old Buck Chapel". USMA.edu. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
29. ^ Palka, p.5.
30. ^ Hulse, Glenn Ed., Bugle Notes, 90th Edition, 2016. Academy Press, p143
31. ^ "Timeline of History: 1850–1899". USMA.edu. Retrieved 25 March 2009.
32. ^ Palka & Malinowski, p.157.
33. ^ Bugle Notes, 86th Edition, 1994, LTC Hulse Ed.
34. ^ "Cullum Hall History". United States Military Academy West Betoken. West Signal. Retrieved 31 January 2017.
35. ^ Beyond the Boxscore The National Archives.gov Retrieved 12-eighteen-2008
36. ^ Palka & Malinowski, p.131.
37. ^ Faulkner, Matt (27 August 2015). "Ground forces West Betoken breaks ground on Lacrosse Center" (PDF). Arrow View . Retrieved 31 January 2017.
38. ^ "Blackness Knights Open New Lacrosse Center". Army Due west Point Athletics. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 31 January 2017.
39. ^ "Tour of West Point: Eisenhower Monument". United states of america Armed services Academy. Archived from the original on 17 Jan 2009. Retrieved 20 March 2009.
40. ^ Miller, p.134.
41. ^ Own, Our (22 October 1868). "Dedication of the Sedgwick Monument at West Signal" (PDF). New York Times . Retrieved 8 March 2009.
42. ^ "Tour of Due west Point". Usa Military Academy. Archived from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
43. ^ Poughkeepsie Journal, p.20.

Bibliography [edit]

• Forman, Sidney (1982). Hudson Highlands Hill People. Highlands, NY: Author.
• Lange, Robie (1984). Historic Structures Inventory The states Military machine University West Betoken, NY Vol 2. Washington, DC: National Park Service.
• Miller, Rod (2002). The Campus Guide: West Point US Military Academy. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN1-56898-294-1.
• Palka, Eugene; Malinowski, Jon (2008). Celebrated Due west Point Photographs. Nashville, TN: Turner Publishing Co. ISBN978-1-59652-416-3.
• West Point: Legend on the Hudson. Montgomery, NY: Poughkeepsie Journal/Walden Press. 2003. ISBN0-9674209-1-one.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy_grounds_and_facilities

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